Apache最新官方配置文件中文版

Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool.

参照NCSA服务器的配置文件，原版由Rob McCool发布

This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the

configuration directives that give the server its instructions.

See for detailed information about

the directives.

这是Apache server的主配置文件. 它包含配置指令，来指示器

请参考了解关于指令的详细信息

Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding

what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure

consult the online docs. You have been warned.

不要仅仅是阅读本指令，而应该理解指令做了什么。在这里仅起提示的作用。

如果你不清楚请参阅在线文档。特别提示

The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections:

配置文件批令分为三个基本组

1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a

whole (the 'global environment'.

1. 控制Apache server的全局的指令(全局环境变量).

2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server,

which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host.

These directives also provide default values for the settings

of all virtual hosts.

2.配置主或者默认的指令，它针对那些被虚拟主机以外的请求作出响应.

它也包含虚拟主机的一些默认参数

3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to

different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the

same Apache server process.

3. 虚拟主机，这使得发往不同的ip或者主机名的请求可以被子同一个Apache服务# 器处理

Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many

of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the

server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do not begin

with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "logs/foo.log"

with ServerRoot set to "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2" will be interpreted by the

server as "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/logs/foo.log".

配置和日志文件名：如果你所指定的文件名以”/”（在Win32中以盘符：/）开头，器将以绝对路径来处理。如果不以”/”开头，则以相对于ServerRoot不解释，所以对于logs/foo.log来讲，当ServerRoot为"C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2”时，则指的是

C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/logs/foo.log文件

NOTE: Where filenames are specified, you must use forward slashes

instead of backslashes (e.g., "c:/apache" instead of "c:\apache".

注意，在文件名的定义中，必须用正斜杠，而不是反斜杠，如c:/apache而不是c:\apache

If a drive letter is omitted, the drive on which Apache.exe is located

will be used by default. It is recommended that you always supply

an explicit drive letter in absolute paths, however, to avoid

confusion.

如果省略了盘符，则以Apache.exe所在的盘符为默认值

建议在绝对路径中永远使用显式的盘符，这样有助于消除误解

Section 1: Global Environment

第一部分全局环境

The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache,

such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it

can find its configuration files.

本部分的指令将影响整个Apache服务器，例如它所能处理的并发请求数或者它在哪里能够找到其配置文件

ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's

configuration, error, and log files are kept.

ServerRoot: 器的配置，错误和日志文件的根目录

NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)

mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available

at ;

you will save yourself a lot of trouble.

注意：如果将其保存到NFS上或者上mounted的文件上，然后应该阅读LockFile文档，，将能你的很多麻烦.

Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.

不要在目录的末尾加上斜杠

ServerRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2" ServerRoot:根目录

ScoreBoardFile: File used to store internal server process information.

If unspecified (the default), the scoreboard will be stored in an

anonymous shared memory segment, and will be unavailable to third-party

applications.

ScoreBoardFile: 保存器内部的处理信息 如果未定议(默认状态)，scoreboard将被保存在匿名的共享内存段中，并且对于第三方来讲，是不可获得的

If specified, ensure that no two invocations of Apache share the same

scoreboard file. The scoreboard file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.

如果已定义，应确保Apache的两个调用不能共享同一个scoreboard. Scoreboard文件必须存放在可分配的磁盘上

ScoreBoardFile logs/apache_runtime_status

PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process

identification number when it starts.

PidFile:当器起努时，器需要将其进程ID号存放在此文件中

PidFile logs/httpd.pid

Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.

Timeout:接收和发送数据的超时，秒数

Timeout 300

KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than

one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.

KeepAlive: 是否支持持久联接（而不是每个请求建一个连接）,设off关闭此功能

KeepAlive On

MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow

during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.

We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.

MaxKeepAliveRequests:在持久连接期间，所允许的最大请求数量。设为0表示不作限制

建议设为较高的数，以提高性能 MaxKeepAliveRequests 100

KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the

same client on the same connection.

KeepAliveTimeout:在同一个客户连接中，等待下一个请求的等待时间。

KeepAliveTimeout 15

Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific)

常规Server-Pool服务器池的大小(每分钟M数)

WinNT MPM WinNT 的MPM

ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in the server process

ThreadPerChild:器进程中工作的线程数量

MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves

每个进程的最大请求数 ThreadsPerChild 250 MaxRequestsPerChild 0

Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or

ports, instead of the default. See also the

directive.

Listen:允许你将Apache绑定到指定的IP地址或端口，而不是默认端口，请同时参考指令

Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to

prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses (0.0.0.0)

像下面那样指定侦听的IP地址，防止Apache抢占所有绑定的IP地址

Listen 12.34.56.78:80

Listen 80

Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support

动态共享对象支持DSO

To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you

have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the

directives contained in it are actually available before they are used.

Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l' do not need

to be loaded here.

为了能够使用模块功能，模块通常以DSO的方式构建，你应该在下面使用LoadModule行，使得能够在使用前获得指令的功能。静态编译模块（在httpd-1中所列举的）不需要在此装载

Example:

LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so

LoadModule access_module modules/mod_access.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so LoadModule auth_module modules/mod_auth.so

LoadModule auth_anon_module modules/mod_auth_anon.so

LoadModule auth_dbm_module modules/mod_auth_dbm.so

LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so

LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so

LoadModule cern_meta_module modules/mod_cern_meta.so

LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so

LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so

LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so

LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so

LoadModule file_cache_module modules/mod_file_cache.so

LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so

LoadModule imap_module modules/mod_imap.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so

LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so

LoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so

LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so

LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so

LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so

LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so

LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so

LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so

LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so

LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so

LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate "full" status

information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus

Off) when the "server-status" handler is called. The default is Off.

扩展状态控制Apache是否产生完整的状态信息（设为on产生全部），如果设为Off则产生基本的信息，当与server-status头有关，默认值为Off

ExtendedStatus On

Section 2: 'Main' server configuration

第二部分：主配置

The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'

server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a

definition. These values also provide defaults for

any containers you may define later in the file.

本节中指令的值，将被主所使用，主响应那些没有被所处理的请求，这些值也为容器提供了默认值，你可以在后面的文件中定义

All of these directives may appear inside containers,

in which case these default settings will be overridden for the

virtual host being defined.

所有这些指令将出现在容器中，这些设定值将在定义virtual host时被覆写。

ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be

e-mailed. This address appears on some server-generated pages, such

as error documents. e.g.

ServerAdmin：你的地址，当故障时，可以给你发email。此地址出现在那些由器生成的页面上，如出错文档。例如：

ServerAdmin

ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.

This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify

it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.

ServerNaem定义了server名称和端口号，用以标明自己的身份。通常可以自动定义，建议显式地定义，避免起动时出错

If this is not set to valid DNS name for your host, server-generated

redirections will not work. See also the UseCanonicalName directive.

如果没有正确定义主机的DNS,器产生的重定向将不会工作，同时参考UseCanonicalName指令。

If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.

You will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make

redirections work in a sensible way.

如果你没有注册DNS名字，请在这里输入IP地址。

你可以在任何情况下使用ip地址，这也使用得重定向变得敏感 ServerName

UseCanonicalName: Determines how Apache constructs self-referencing

URLs and the SERVER_NAME and SERVER_PORT variables.

When set "Off", Apache will use the Hostname and Port supplied

by the client. When set "On", Apache will use the value of the

ServerName directive.

UseCanonicalName:决定Apaceh如何构建自定参考URL,和SERVER_NAME及SERVER_PORT变量

当设为Off时，Apache将使用客户端给出的域名和端口。当设为On时，Apache将使用ServerName指令 UseCanonicalName Off

DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your

documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but

symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.

DocumentRoot:器文档放置目录。在默认情形下，所有的请求都从这里开始，除了记号和别名将改指它处以外。

DocumentRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache Group/Apache2/htdocs"

Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect

to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that

directory (and its subdirectories).

每个可供Apache访问的目录，可以配置成允许或禁止哪些和特征（包括其子目录）

First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of

features.

首先，我们定义一个默认的非常严格的配置

Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None

Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow

particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as

you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it

below.

注意，从这一点往前，你必须许可某些特殊的功能，所以如果某些功能未能如你所愿，要确保你在在下述中启用了该功能。

This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to.

这将改变你对DocumentRoot的

Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",

or any combination of:

可能的值为None,All或者任意组合

Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

索引包括FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

Note that "MultiViews" must be named explicitly --- "Options All"

doesn't give it to you.

注意MultiViews被显式地Options All,

The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see

for more information.

选项指令既复杂又重要，请参阅了解详情

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:

Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

AllowOverride 控制什么指令能够加入到.htaccess中，可以是All,None,或者组合关键字

AllowOverride None

Controls who can get stuff from this server.

控制谁可以可以访问此

Order allow,deny Allow from all

UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home

directory if a ~user request is received. Be especially careful to use

proper, forward slashes here. On Windows NT, "Personal/My Website"

is a more appropriate choice.

UserDir: 用户的home的名称，当接到到~user的请求时。

请小心正确使用”/”. 在WinNT上，”Personal/My Website”是更合适的选择 UserDir "My Documents/My Website"

Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example

for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only.

控制UserDir目录，以下是一个例子，这个目录是只读的

You must correct the path for the root to match your system's configured

user directory location, e.g. "C:/WinNT/profiles/*/My Documents/My Website"

or whichever, as appropriate.

你必须更正root目录，与相配，如用户目录是C:/WinNT/profiles/*/My Documents/My Website或者其它合适的

AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

Order deny,allow

Deny from all

DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory

is requested.

DirectoryIndex: Apache服务器将要以一个目录的形式响应

The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content-

negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the

same purpose, but it is much slower.

index.html变量文件（一种映射）将直接传送内容。MultiViews选项可以用于同样的目的，但是要慢得多

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var

AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory

for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride

directive.

AccessFileName: 用来查找各个目录下额外的配置指令的配置文件名，同时参考AllowOverride(允许重载)指令

Acce

AccessFileName .htaccess

The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being

viewed by Web clients.

下面两行，阻址Web客户端访问 .htaccess和htpasswd(访问设定和密码)的文件

Order allow,deny Deny from all

TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is

to be found.

TypesConfig，描述在何处找到mime型别

TypesConfig conf/mime.types

DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document

if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions.

如果器不能确定文档的型别，将使用默认的MIME型别,例如根据扩展名

If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is

a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications

or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to

keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are

text.

如果你的器主要包括text/html文档，”text/plain”就是一个好的取值。如果你的大多数内容是binary(二进制)的，如应用程序或图片，你可能希望使用application/octet-stream，使得浏览器试图显示二进制数据，尽管它们是文本

DefaultType text/plain

The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the

contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile

directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.

mod_mime_magic模块，允许器根据内容提示来识别文件型别。MIMEMagicFile指令告知模块“内容提示”应到何处找。

MIMEMagicFile conf/magic

HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses

e.g.,(on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).

The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people

had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that

each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the

nameserver.

HostNameLookups: 客户日志或者仅其IP地址，如) 或者204.62.129.132 (off).默认为值设为off比较好，如果希望将此置为on将意味着第一次客户请求都至少要查询一次nameserver.

HostnameLookups Off

EnableMMAP: Control whether memory-mapping is used to deliver

files (assuming that the underlying OS supports it).

The default is on; turn this off if you serve from NFS-mounted

filesystems. On some systems, turning it off (regardless of

filesystem) can improve performance; for details, please see

EnableMMAP: 控制是否通过内存映射的方式传送文件(须得支持)

默认值为on; 如果你使用NSF加载的文件（通常在linux下）,应置为off. 在某些上，置off,不管使用什么文件，能够提高效率，详细情况，请参阅文档

EnableMMAP off

EnableSendfile: Control whether the sendfile kernel support is

used to deliver files (assuming that the OS supports it).

The default is on; turn this off if you serve from NFS-mounted

filesystems. Please see

EnableSendfile: 控制内核传送文件是否支持（需要OS支持）。默认为on,如果使用NFS,则使用off

EnableSendfile off

ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.

If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a

container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be

logged here. If you do define an error logfile for a

container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.

ErrorLog: 出错日志文件

如果你想为虚拟主机定义Errorlog指令，则该虚拟主机的错误信息将被记录到这里 ErrorLog logs/error.log

LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error.log.

Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,

alert, emerg.

LogLever: 日志等级，（与log4j相似，译者注），决定哪些级别的出错信息将被记录，如debug,info,notice,warn,error, crit，alert,emerg等，在设定级别以上的信息就会被记录(译者注).

LogLevel warn

The following directives define some format nicknames for use with

a CustomLog directive (see below).

日志格式(与log4j相似)

LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent

You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O

LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio